來自武漢大學力學系的劉澤教授、高恩來副研究員與中國科學院半導體研究所的鄧惠雄研究員合作研究發現，具有高度各項異性結構的磷烯表現出優異的電致驅動性能。向磷烯注入電荷后，其最大驅動應力達7.0 GPa，相應的最大驅動應變高達36.6%，這一致動應變與生物肌肉（20-40%）相當，超過石墨烯（4.7%）7倍。同時，磷烯的最大體積功密度（207.7 J/cm3）比天然肌肉（0.008-0.04 J/cm3）高出三個數量級，比石墨烯（35.3J/cm3）大近6倍。原子和電子結構分析揭示了磷烯具有這種優異電致驅動性能的內在機制。最后，通過力學測試探究了注入的電荷對磷烯力學行為的影響，結果表明在一定的力-電荷載共同作用下磷烯的結構仍保持結構完整。本工作為發展高性能納米電致驅動器提供了理論參考。

該文近期發表于npj Computational Materials 6： 27 （2020），英文標題與摘要如下，點擊左下角“閱讀原文”可以自由獲取論文PDF。

High-performance phosphorene electromechanical actuators

Bozhao Wu， Hui-Xiong Deng， Xiangzheng Jia， Langquan Shui， Enlai Gao* & Ze Liu*

Phosphorene， a two-dimensional material that can be exfoliated from black phosphorus， exhibits remarkable mechanical， thermal， electronic， and optical properties. In this work， we demonstrate that the unique structure of pristine phosphorene endows this material with exceptional quantum-mechanical performance by using first-principles calculations. Upon charge injection， the maximum actuation stress is 7.0 GPa， corresponding to the maximum actuation strain as high as 36.6% that is over seven times larger than that of graphene （4.7%） and comparable with natural muscle （20-40%）。 Meanwhile， the maximum volumetric work density of phosphorene （207.7 J/cm3） is about three orders of magnitude larger than natural muscle （0.008–0.04 J/cm3） and approximately six times larger than graphene （35.3 J/cm3）。 The underlying mechanism of this exceptional electromechanical performance in phosphorene is well revealed from the analysis of atomic structure and electronic structure. Finally， the influence of charge on the mechanical behaviors of phosphorene is examined by mechanical tests， indicating the sufficient structural integrity of phosphorene under the combined electromechanical loading. These findings shed light on phosphorene for promising applications in developing nanoelectromechanical actuators.

責任編輯:pj