分布式控制應用的通信注意事項

　　建立和運行分布式智能系統，如灌溉項目和智能物聯網建設，必須取得卓越的能力和運營成本之間的平衡-特別是關于努力維持系統所需的努力。較大的分布式網絡，更高的復雜性，成本和潛在的干預措施所需的運營商保持系統正確執行。

　　在本系列的第3部分，我們將看到如何仔細選擇通信架構可以避免維護開銷成本，同時提供卓越的能力。

　　隨著智能應用程序的增加，他們使用的傳感器和執行器的數量也隨之增加，以及這些設備之間的連接和通信的復雜性。這種通信的復雜性被進一步放大時，傳感器和致動器在地理上彼此相對分布。

　　In a typical， small-scale irrigation system， all of the necessary processing is centralized in a single control unit that relies on a local timer function， an irrigation scheduler， and switches to deliver power to valve solenoids that control the flow of water through the subsections of the system. The user is responsible for making sure the system is operating correctly and to make adjustments as needed to ensure its continued efficient operation.

　　Smart irrigation systems add sensors to offload some or most the responsibility from the user to make the dynamic adjustments necessary to maintain the efficiency of the system， as well as to detect and autonomously respond when faults occur. When the physical area serviced by the irrigation project is more widely distributed， it becomes appropriate to consider more complex communication options that also enable the processing to be distributed throughout the system for the benefit of efficiency， reliability， and cost savings.