一 概述

DO 即模擬輸入（AI, Analog Input），用于讀取連續變化的信號，如溫度、濕度、壓力等。模擬輸入可以接收一定范圍內的電壓或電流信號，并將其轉換為數字值。

二 相關技術描述

采集 4-20mA（可選 0-5V）信號。下圖為一種硬件設計方案

一般儀器儀表的信號電流都為4mA-20mA，指最小電流為4mA,最大電流為20mA 。

傳輸信號時候，要考慮到導線上也有電阻，如果用電壓傳輸則會在導線的產生一定的壓降，那接收端的信號就會產生一定的誤差了！所以使用電流信號作為變送器的標準傳輸！

那么為什么選擇4mA-20mA而不是0mA-20mA呢？4ma而不是0ma是用來檢測線路開路的，如果0是最小，那么開路故障就檢測不到了

可將采集值轉換為實際測量值，支持校準?

可設置多項采樣、報警（如設置上下限報警值）

與數據上報參數?

支持連接及斷開狀態檢測?

雙重數字濾波器抗噪?

采樣頻率：33Hz

采樣頻率（Sampling Frequency）是指在單位時間內從連續信號中提取并組成離散信號的采樣個數，通常用赫茲（Hz）來表示。它是數字信號處理中的一個重要概念，用于將模擬信號轉換為數字信號。

10 位精度

10位ad轉換就是把模擬信號比如5v的電壓轉換成10位的數字信號1111111111.來表示.那么0v的模擬信號用數字量表示就是0000000000.精度其實就是分辨率即指數字量變化一個最小量時模擬信號的變化量.所以這里的精度應該是5/2^10

三 應用場景

3.1 水泵

云端通過控制DO輸出高低電平，來控制外圍電路，進而控制水泵的啟停。

3.2 風扇

同理，云端通過控制DO輸出高低電平，來控制外圍電路，進而控制風扇的啟停。

3.3 報警燈

結合DTU的DI功能，如果檢測到了DI異常信號輸入，DTU可以控制連接DO的報警燈報警。

四 DO組件的使用

1 Gitee鏈接地址

組件位于amaziot_bloom_os_sdklibrariesamxtuam_aic

Gitee源碼地址：https://gitee.com/ning./hongdou

Github源碼地址：https://github.com/ayumid/hongdou

2 應用層組件功能介紹

提供AI實現實例。

使用該組件，必須同時使用AT組件，文件組件，TCP組件，掉線組件，掉線重連組件，DI組件，DO組件，AI組件，JSON組件，CLK組件。

3 代碼講解

1 dtu_ai_read

讀adc值，提供給調用函數計算外接信號電流

/** * Function : dtu_ai_read * Description : 讀adc值，提供給調用函數計算外接信號電流 * Input : * * Output : * Return : * Auther : zhaoning * Others : **/ UINT16 dtu_ai_read(void) { UINT16 ul_adc_value = 0; UINT32 ul_adc_temp = 0; UINT16 adc_temp[DTU_AI_AVG_MAX_NUM] = {0}; int i = 0; //平均值濾波 for(i = 0; i < DTU_AI_AVG_MAX_NUM; i++) { adc_temp[i] = SDK_READ_ADC_VALUE_NEW(0, 1); ul_adc_temp += adc_temp[i]; ms10leep(1); } ul_adc_value = ul_adc_temp / DTU_AI_AVG_MAX_NUM; printf("SDK_READ_ADC_VALUE 0 adcValue %dn", ul_adc_value); return ul_adc_value; }

2 dtu_ai_report_timer_callback

主動上報回調函數，判斷當前是否在透傳模式，發送消息給JSON任務，上報到服務器

/** * Function : dtu_ai_report_timer_callback * Description : 主動上報回調函數，判斷當前是否在透傳模式，發送消息給JSON任務，上報到服務器 * Input : * * Output : * Return : * Auther : zhaoning * Others : **/ static void dtu_ai_report_timer_callback(UINT32 tmrId) { DTU_JSON_MSG_T ai_send_msg = {0}; // printf("dtu_do1_report_timer_callbackn"); DTU_UART_PARAM_T* dtu_uart_ctx = NULL; DTU_FILE_PARAM_T* dtu_file_ctx = NULL; dtu_uart_ctx = dtu_get_uart_ctx(); dtu_file_ctx = dtu_get_file_ctx(); // printf("dtu_gnss_timer_callback"); //判斷是否是在透傳模式 if(dtu_uart_ctx->uart_mode == DTU_DATA_MODE) { // if(DTU_AI_REPORT_INITIATIVE == dtu_file_ctx->ai.ai_res_rule) // { ai_send_msg.msgId = DTU_AI_MSG_ID_AI_PROACTIVE_REPORT; // } // else if(DTU_AI_REPORT_TRIGGER == dtu_file_ctx->ai.ai_res_rule) // { // ai_send_msg.msgId = DTU_AI_MSG_ID_AI_TRIGGER_REPORT; // } dtu_json_task_send_msgq(&ai_send_msg); } }

3 dtu_ai1_report_timer_start

開始AI周期上報定時器

/** * Function : dtu_ai1_report_timer_start * Description : 開始AI周期上報定時器 * Input : * * Output : * Return : * Auther : zhaoning * Others : **/ void dtu_ai1_report_timer_start(UINT32 time) { UINT32 uc_time = 0; uc_time = time; OSATimerStop(dtu_ai_report_timer_ref); // printf("start type timer %dn", uc_time); //開啟定時器 OSATimerStart(dtu_ai_report_timer_ref, uc_time * 200, uc_time * 200, dtu_ai_report_timer_callback, 0); }

4 dtu_ai1_report_timer_stop

停止AI周期上報定時器

/** * Function : dtu_ai1_report_timer_stop * Description : 關閉AI周期上報定時器 * Input : * * Output : * Return : * Auther : zhaoning * Others : **/ void dtu_ai1_report_timer_stop(void) { OSATimerStop(dtu_ai_report_timer_ref); }

5 dtu_ai_times_init

AI主動上報定時器創建，根據NV項判斷是否打開周期上報定時器

/** * Function : dtu_ai_times_init * Description : AI主動上報定時器創建，根據NV項判斷是否打開周期上報定時器 * Input : * * Output : * Return : * Auther : zhaoning * Others : **/ void dtu_ai_times_init(void) { int ret = 0; DTU_FILE_PARAM_T* dtu_file_ctx = NULL; dtu_file_ctx = dtu_get_file_ctx(); ret = OSATimerCreate(&dtu_ai_report_timer_ref); ASSERT(ret == OS_SUCCESS); if(DTU_AI_REPORT_NONE != dtu_file_ctx->ai.ai_type) { if(dtu_file_ctx->ai.ai_interval >= 10) { //打開周期上報定時器 dtu_ai1_report_timer_start(dtu_file_ctx->ai.ai_interval); } } }

4 Demo實戰

4.1 創建一個Demo

復制20.9_di_xtu示例工程，到同一個文件夾下，修改文件名為20.11_ai_xtu，如圖：

4.2 修改makefile

增加文件組件所在目錄頭文件路徑，和源文件路徑，以及一些宏定義，如圖：

-D是makefile中定義宏定義必要的前綴，可以搜索相關makefile學習文章學習相關知識。

DTU_BASED_ON_TCP 表示當前是TCP模式，當前組件使用需要am.h中包含一些對應。

DTU_TYPE_5X6 表示使用SOM板貼片5x6卡，可以使用其它卡，修改為對應宏定義就可以。

DTU_UART_115200_BAUD 表示使用115200波特率

DTU_TYPE_JSON_INCLUDE 表示把JSON功能包含進來

4.3 增加頭文件

使用代碼編輯器，將新建的工程文件加入代碼編輯器中，打開main.c，修改main.c，加入am.h頭文件，如圖：

4.4 修改代碼

示例使用的是板載5x6卡，用戶的硬件可能是使用外置卡，或者是三合一全網通卡，因為硬件上三種卡使用的模組SIM卡接口不一樣（外置卡SIM1，5x6卡和三合一卡SIM2），所以，需要通過一個全局變量來制定SIM卡硬件接口。

extern外部變量SDK_INIT_SIM_SELECT_VALUE，這里判斷了是否使用外置卡，這個宏定義在Makefile里面定義。

在Phase1Inits_enter中，宏定義判斷是否要包含對SDK_INIT_SIM_SELECT_VALUE變量的修改。

在Phase2Inits_exit 調用文件組件提供的對外API，如圖：

4.5 編譯

在SDK根目錄打開命令行，輸入命令.build.bat -l .amaziot_bloom_os_sdksamplelibraries20.11_ai_xtu

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-IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcinclude -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcincludearch -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcincludeipv4 -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcincludeipv6 -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcincludelwip -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcaclwipv4v6srcincludenetif -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopmmi_matinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xtavorArbelinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xtavorenvinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhoptelephonymodeminc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacdusterinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacfotainc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalI2Cinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalACIPCinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilfatsysflash -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilFDIsrcINCLUDE -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalMMUinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilFDIsrcFDI_ADD -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilFDIsrcFM_INC -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilfatsysfshdr -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutillittlefsinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacttsinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacdialinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilcsw_memoryinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhoputilitiesinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopcommpminc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilnvminc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilEEhandlerinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilEEhandlersrc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopRTCinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhoptelephonyci_clientinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalBT_deviceinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalUARTinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopmrdinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopdmainc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilsoftutilinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhalSPIinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacwebsocketinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacatnet_srvinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xsoftutilfotacomminc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xaud_swAudioinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xaud_swACM_COMMinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xaud_swaudio_stubsrc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhopaaminc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xaud_swAudioHALinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xhaldbgshellinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08includeasr160xpcacopencpuinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08amaziot_bloom_os_sdkutils -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08CSDK_CODEcJSONinc -IF:/3.asr-b/cat.1-asr1606/1.software/BLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08/amaziot_bloom_os_sdk/sample/libraries/20.11_ai_xtuaminc -IF:/3.asr-b/cat.1-asr1606/1.software/BLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08/amaziot_bloom_os_sdk/sample/libraries/20.11_ai_xtuatcmdsinc -IF:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08/amaziot_bloom_os_sdk/librariesamxtu -DDTU_BASED_ON_TCP -DDTU_TYPE_5X6 -DDTU_UART_115200_BAUD -DDTU_TYPE_DODIAI_INCLUDE -DDTU_TYPE_JSON_INCLUDE -o buildobj/ext_at_cmds.o F:/3.asr-b/cat.1-asr1606/1.software/BLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08/amaziot_bloom_os_sdk/sample/libraries/20.11_ai_xtu/atcmds/src/ext_at_cmds.c armlink.exe buildobj/main.o buildobj/ext_at_cmds.o buildobj/ext_at_controller.o buildobj/am_file.o buildobj/am_at.o buildobj/am_trans.o buildobj/am_hb.o buildobj/am_di.o buildobj/am_do.o buildobj/am_ai.o buildobj/am_clock.o buildobj/am_json.o buildobj/am_socket.o buildCSDK_CODE.lib -o F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08outbinArbel_PMD2NONE_40M.axf --via F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08prebuilt_1606lArbel_PMD2NONE_targ_objliblist.txt --elf --scatter F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08prebuilt_1606lCrane_DS_4M_Ram_2M_Flash_XIP_CIPSRAM_Common_SingleSIM.sct --predefine="-DLTEONLY_THIN_SINGLE_SIM" --map --symbols --info sizes,totals --list F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08outbinArbel_PMD2NONE_40M.map --keep init.o(Header) --keep init.o(Vectors) --diag_suppress 6312,6314,6319,6329 --feedback F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08outfeedbackLinkOptLteonlyThin_SingleSim_NoSMS.txt F:3.asr-bcat.1-asr16061.softwareBLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08toolsbuildimage_1606l.bat SDK_PROD_TYPE : [DM] SDK_CUST_SKU : [THIN_SINGLE_SIM_NO_SMS] SDK_PS_MODE : [LTEONLY] SDK_CHIP_VER : [Z2A0] SDK_OS_TYPE : [TX] Platform Convertion Tools v4.01 with PS option extension Convertion done! |INPUT |outbincp_1606L.bin |MARK |NAME |EXEADDR .LOADADDR.LENGTH .CPZLADDR|COMPRESS STASTIC | |--------|--------|--------.--------.--------.--------|------------------------------| |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_1|DDR_RW_ |7e11c000.8006cd70.0000d40c.8006d000|0000d40c->00003000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_2|PS_NCAH |7e388000.8007a17c.00001300.80070000|00001300->00001000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_3|ITCM |7e3dac00.8007b47c.0000f51c.80071000|0000f51c->0000a000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_4|CODE_PS |7e1ad000.8008a998.0002fcdc.8007b000|0002fcdc->0001e000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_5|CODEPSB |7e1df000.800ba674.000339c0.80099000|000339c0->0001b000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_6|CODEPSC |7e216000.800ee034.000323ec.800b4000|000323ec->0001b000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_7|CODEPSD |7e24c000.80120420.00028d88.800cf000|00028d88->0001a000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_8|CODEPSE |7e27a000.801491a8.0002e310.800e9000|0002e310->0001a000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_9|CODEPSF |7e2ac000.801774b8.0001c948.80103000|0001c948->00011000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_A|CODE_PL |7e2cd000.80193e00.0002f914.80114000|0002f914->0001e000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_B|CODEPLB |7e2fd000.801c3714.00038d38.80132000|00038d38->00021000 |This Is LteOnly 4M| |RW_CPZ_C|CODEPLC |7e337000.801fc44c.000268d4.80153000|000268d4->00012000 |--------|--------|--------.--------.--------.--------|------------------------------| | | 0x0020bd20 -> 0x0014e000| | | 2.046(MB) -> 1.305(MB)| |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| cp_1606L.axf cp_1606L.bin cp_1606L.map gnumake: Leaving directory `F:/3.asr-b/cat.1-asr1606/1.software/BLOOM_OS_1606_OPENCPU_1191_A08/amaziot_bloom_os_sdk/sample/libraries/20.11_ai_xtu' "copy NEZHAC_CP_CNR_MIFI_TX.bin to ./ " 已復制 1 個文件。

4.6 生成固件

參考入門中開發工具，生成工具。

4.7 查看現象

固件下載到模組后，發送DI 配置AT指令，觀察AT串口信息，

[11-22 10:41:46:904] [11-22 10:41:50:690]RDY [11-22 10:42:00:900] [11-22 10:42:00:900]OK [11-22 10:42:03:371] [11-22 10:42:03:371]AT+AICFG=0,2,19,10,10 [11-22 10:42:03:371] [11-22 10:42:03:371]OK [11-22 10:42:09:811] [11-22 10:42:09:811]+AICFG:0,2,19,10,10 [11-22 10:42:09:811] [11-22 10:42:09:811]OK [11-22 10:42:12:505] [11-22 10:42:12:505]+AIRD:0.04 [11-22 10:42:12:505] [11-22 10:42:12:505]OK

5 總結

根據實驗現象，用戶需要實現自己的AT指令，只需要參考組件中的例子，按照自己需求修改，

本文章源自奇跡物聯開源的物聯網應用知識庫Cellular IoT Wiki，更多技術干貨歡迎關注收藏Wiki：Cellular IoT Wiki 知識庫（https://rckrv97mzx.feishu.cn/wiki/wikcnBvAC9WOkEYG5CLqGwm6PHf）

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審核編輯 黃宇