導出BOM是硬件工程師在設計PCB時必備的一項任務。通常情況下，導出的BOM中并沒有區分頂層和底層的元器件，但是有時候我們需要對這兩者進行分開，以便更好地進行統計和管理。

本文將介紹如何通過編寫PADS的BOM的導出腳本代碼實現這個功能。

首先，我們需要了解腳本中的原理。在PADS導出BOM的腳本中，一般會讀取元器件的相關信息，如元器件編號、名稱、數量等。我們需要在腳本中增加元器件層信息的讀取，以及在整理元器件時對層信息進行判斷，從而實現元器件分頂層和底層的歸類統計。

編寫以下代碼:

代參考代碼：

Const Columns = Array("Item","Description","Value","PCB Decal","Ref","OPTION","Quantity","layer")

'Array of column alignment: 0 - Align Left, 1 - Align Right, 2 - Align Center.

Const Align= Array(0,0,0,0,0,0,0)

Dim fname As String

Sub Main

fname = ActiveDocument

If fname = "" Then

fname = "Untitled"

End If

tempFile = DefaultFilePath & " emp.txt"

Open tempFile For Output As #1

StatusBarText = "Generating report..."

'Output table header

For i = 0 To UBound(Columns)

OutCell Columns(i)

Next

Print #1

Dim part_Count As Integer

part_Count = 0

For Each part In ActiveDocument.Components

If part.Pins.Count > 1 Then

part_Count = part_Count + 1

End If

Next part

ReDim Parts(part_Count, 14) As String

For Each part In ActiveDocument.Components

If part.Pins.Count > 1 Then

For intJ = 1 To 8

Parts(intI,1) = ""

Parts(intI,2) = AttrVal(part, "Description")

Parts(intI,3) = AttrVal(part, "Value")

Parts(intI,4) = part.Decal

Parts(intI,5) = part.Name

Parts(intI,6) = AttrVal(part, "Option")

Parts(intI,7) = ""

Parts(intI,8) =ActiveDocument.LayerName(part.layer)

Next intJ

intI= intI + 1

End If

Next part

Dim comp_counter As Integer

Dim Species As Integer

Const flag As Integer = 10

Dim Component As String

Dim Component_tempAs String

Dim label As String

comp_counter = 0

Species = 0

For i = 1 To UBound(Parts, 1)

If Parts(i, flag) = "" Then

Component = Parts(i, 2) &Parts(i, 6)

label = Parts(i, 5)

comp_counter = 1

For j = i + 1 To UBound(Parts, 1)

Component_temp =Parts(j, 2) &Parts(j, 6)

If Component = Component_temp Then

comp_counter = comp_counter + 1

label = label & ", " &Parts(j, 5)

Parts(j, flag) = "0"

End If

Next j

Parts(i, 5) = label

Parts(i, 7) = Str(comp_counter)

Species = Species + 1

End If

Next i

Dim NO_ As Integer

ReDim SpeciesArray1(Species, 8)

ReDim SpeciesArray2(Species, 8)

NO_ = 1

For i = 1 To UBound(Parts, 1)

If Parts(i, flag) = "" And Parts(i, 8)="TOP" Then

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 1) = Parts(i, 1)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 2) = Parts(i,2)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 3) = Parts(i,3)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 4) = Parts(i,4)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 5) = Parts(i,5)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 6) = Parts(i,6)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 7) = Parts(i,7)

SpeciesArray1(NO_, 8) = Parts(i,8) NO_ = NO_ + 1

ElseIf Parts(i, flag) = "" And Parts(i, 8)="BOT" Then

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 1) = Parts(i, 1)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 2) = Parts(i, 2)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 3) = Parts(i,3)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 4) = Parts(i,4)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 5) = Parts(i, 5)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 6) = Parts(i, 6)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 7) = Parts(i, 7)

SpeciesArray2(NO_, 8) = Parts(i, 8)

NO_ = NO_ + 1

End If

Next i

OutCell "TOP"

Print #1

For i = 1 To UBound(SpeciesArray1, 1)

If SpeciesArray1(i, 8)="TOP" Then

For j =1 To 8

OutCell SpeciesArray1(i,j)

Next j

Print #1

End If

Next i

OutCell "BOT"

Print #1

For i = 1 To UBound(SpeciesArray2, 1)

If SpeciesArray2(i, 8)="BOT" Then

For j =1 To 8

OutCell SpeciesArray2(i,j)

Next j

Print #1

End If

Next i

Close #1

ExportToExcel

End Sub

Function AttrVal (obj As Object, nm As String)

AttrVal = IIf(obj.Attributes(nm) Is Nothing, "", obj.Attributes(nm))

End Function

Sub ExportToExcel

FillClipboard

Dim xl As Object

On Error Resume Next

Set xl =GetObject(,"Excel.Application")

On Error GoTo ExcelError' Enable error trapping.

If xl Is Nothing Then

Set xl =CreateObject("Excel.Application")

End If

xl.Visible = True

xl.Workbooks.Add

xl.ActiveSheet.Paste

xl.Range("A1:H1").Font.Bold = True

xl.Range("A1:H1").NumberFormat = "@"

xl.Range("A1:H1").AutoFilter

For i = 0 To UBound(Align)

xl.Columns(i + 1).HorizontalAlignment = Choose(Align(i)+1, -4131, -4152, -4108)

Next

xl.ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.AutoFit

'Output Report Header

xl.Rows(1).Insert

xl.Rows(1).Cells(1) = Space(1) & "Part Report for " & fname & " on " & Now

xl.Rows(2).Insert

xl.Rows(1).Font.bold = True

'Output Design Totals

lastRow = xl.ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count + 1

xl.Rows(lastRow + 1).Font.bold = True

xl.Rows(lastRow + 1).Cells(1) = Space(1) & "Design Part count: " & ActiveDocument.Components.Count

xl.Range("A1").Select

On Error GoTo 0 ' Disable error trapping.

Exit Sub

ExcelError:

MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error Running Excel"

On Error GoTo 0 ' Disable error trapping.

Exit Sub

End Sub

Sub OutCell (txt As String)

Print #1, txt; vbTab;

End Sub

Sub FillClipboard

StatusBarText = "Export Data To Clipboard..."

' Load whole file to string variable

tempFile = DefaultFilePath & " emp.txt"

Open tempFileFor Input As #1

L = LOF(1)

AllData$ = Input$(L,1)

Close #1

'Copy whole data to clipboard

Clipboard AllData$

Kill tempFile

StatusBarText = ""

End Sub

通過以上代碼，我們成功實現了在PADS導出BOM時區分頂層和底層元器件的功能。使用這個區分頂層和底層的BOM，工程師可以更好地進行設計分析、成本估算以及供應鏈管理，提高工作效率和準確性。

總結起來，本文介紹了如何通過修改PADS導出BOM的腳本，實現區分頂層和底層元器件的功能。通過這樣的改進，我們可以更好地對電路板中的元器件進行分類和統計，提高設計過程的可視性和管理效果。希望這篇文章對您在設計PCB時的工作有所幫助。